:root{--navy:#06294a;--navy2:#031b33;--gold:#c99a48;--gold2:#efd8a8;--paper:#f7f4ee;--ink:#132235;--muted:#63717f;--line:#dce3e8;--blue:#eef5fa;--white:#fff;--green:#1e7257;--max:1160px;--shadow:0 20px 55px rgba(3,27,51,.11)}
*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth}body{margin:0;color:var(--ink);background:#fff;font-family:"DM Sans",Arial,sans-serif;line-height:1.68}a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}img{display:block;max-width:100%}button{font:inherit}.container{width:min(var(--max),calc(100% - 40px));margin:auto}.topbar{background:var(--navy2);color:#dce6ee;font-size:12px}.topbar .container{min-height:36px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:16px}.langs{display:flex;gap:8px;direction:ltr}.langs a{padding:4px 8px;border-radius:999px;color:#dbe5ed}.langs a[aria-current=page]{background:rgba(255,255,255,.12);color:#fff}.header{position:sticky;top:0;z-index:20;background:rgba(255,255,255,.96);backdrop-filter:blur(14px);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.nav{min-height:78px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:24px}.brand{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;min-width:0}.brand-mark{display:grid;place-items:center;width:48px;height:48px;border-radius:14px;background:var(--navy2);color:var(--gold2);border:1px solid rgba(201,154,72,.5);font:700 21px Georgia,serif;flex:0 0 auto}.brand strong{display:block;font:700 16px/1.25 "Libre Baskerville",Georgia,serif;color:var(--navy2)}.brand span{display:block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--muted);margin-top:4px}.navlinks{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:20px;font-size:14px;font-weight:800}.navlinks a{padding:28px 0;position:relative}.navlinks a.active:after,.navlinks a:hover:after{content:"";position:absolute;inset-inline:0;bottom:20px;height:2px;background:var(--gold)}
.hero{position:relative;overflow:hidden;color:#fff;background:radial-gradient(circle at 82% 22%,rgba(201,154,72,.22),transparent 26%),linear-gradient(135deg,var(--navy2),#07385f 60%,#0d5277);padding:72px 0 64px}.hero:before{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;background-image:linear-gradient(rgba(255,255,255,.035) 1px,transparent 1px),linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(255,255,255,.035) 1px,transparent 1px);background-size:44px 44px}.hero-grid{position:relative;display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.06fr) minmax(320px,.94fr);gap:48px;align-items:center}.eyebrow,.kicker{font-size:12px;font-weight:900;letter-spacing:.15em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--gold2)}.hero h1{font:700 clamp(2.65rem,5vw,4.9rem)/1.03 "Libre Baskerville",Georgia,serif;margin:14px 0 18px;max-width:800px}.hero-copy>p{font-size:18px;color:#dce7ef;max-width:760px}.hero-actions{display:flex;gap:11px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:27px}.btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;min-height:46px;padding:11px 17px;border-radius:999px;border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.38);font-weight:900}.btn.gold{background:var(--gold);border-color:var(--gold);color:#142235}.btn.ghost{color:#fff}.hero-note{margin-top:22px;padding:15px 17px;border-inline-start:3px solid var(--gold);background:rgba(255,255,255,.07);border-radius:12px;color:#dce7ef;font-size:13px}.hero-art{background:rgba(255,255,255,.98);padding:14px;border-radius:28px;box-shadow:0 30px 80px rgba(0,0,0,.28)}.hero-art img{width:100%;border-radius:20px;aspect-ratio:4/3;object-fit:cover}.hero-art figcaption{color:#5d6872;font-size:11px;padding:10px 5px 2px}
.section{padding:70px 0}.section.paper{background:var(--paper)}.section.blue{background:#f2f7fb}.section.dark{background:var(--navy2);color:#fff}.section-head{max-width:830px;margin-bottom:30px}.section-head h2{font:700 clamp(2rem,4vw,3.25rem)/1.1 "Libre Baskerville",Georgia,serif;color:var(--navy2);margin:9px 0 13px}.section.dark .section-head h2{color:#fff}.section-head p{font-size:17px;color:var(--muted);margin:0}.section.dark .section-head p{color:#c9d5df}.answer-box{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.45fr .55fr;gap:22px;align-items:stretch}.answer-main{padding:30px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:24px;background:#fff;box-shadow:var(--shadow)}.answer-main p{font-size:17px;margin:0;color:#435261}.answer-main strong{color:var(--navy2)}.status{padding:26px;border-radius:24px;background:var(--navy2);color:#fff}.status b{display:block;font:700 23px/1.25 "Libre Baskerville",Georgia,serif;margin-bottom:10px}.status span{color:#d7e1e9;font-size:14px}.mini-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:15px;margin-top:18px}.mini-card{padding:21px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:18px;background:#fff}.mini-card h3{font:700 19px/1.25 "Libre Baskerville",Georgia,serif;color:var(--navy2);margin:0 0 8px}.mini-card p{font-size:14px;color:var(--muted);margin:0}.timeline{position:relative;display:grid;gap:0;max-width:980px}.event{display:grid;grid-template-columns:145px 22px 1fr;gap:16px;padding:16px 0}.event time{font-weight:900;color:var(--navy);font-size:13px}.dot{position:relative;width:15px;height:15px;border-radius:50%;background:#fff;border:3px solid var(--gold);margin-top:4px}.dot:after{content:"";position:absolute;top:12px;bottom:-38px;inset-inline-start:3px;width:2px;background:#ccd7df}.event:last-child .dot:after{display:none}.event h3{margin:0 0 4px;color:var(--navy2);font-size:17px}.event p{margin:0;color:var(--muted);font-size:14px}
.explorer{display:grid;grid-template-columns:280px 1fr;gap:18px}.country-tabs{display:grid;gap:9px}.country-tab{border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:var(--navy2);border-radius:15px;padding:15px;text-align:start;font-weight:900;cursor:pointer}.country-tab small{display:block;margin-top:3px;color:var(--muted);font-weight:600}.country-tab.active{background:var(--navy2);color:#fff;border-color:var(--navy2)}.country-tab.active small{color:#cbd7e1}.country-panel{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:24px;background:#fff;padding:30px;min-height:270px;box-shadow:var(--shadow)}.country-panel[hidden]{display:none}.country-panel .country-label{display:inline-flex;background:var(--blue);color:var(--navy);border-radius:999px;padding:7px 10px;font-size:11px;font-weight:900}.country-panel h3{font:700 30px/1.15 "Libre Baskerville",Georgia,serif;color:var(--navy2);margin:16px 0 6px}.country-panel .date{font-weight:900;color:var(--gold);margin-bottom:15px}.country-panel p{color:#566572;font-size:16px;max-width:760px}.split{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:18px}.list-card{padding:26px;border-radius:22px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff}.list-card h3{font:700 23px "Libre Baskerville",Georgia,serif;color:var(--navy2);margin:0 0 15px}.list-card ul{margin:0;padding-inline-start:22px}.list-card li{margin:8px 0;color:#53616e}.list-card.yes{border-top:4px solid var(--green)}.list-card.no{border-top:4px solid var(--gold)}
.perspective{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:18px}.view{padding:25px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:22px;background:#fff}.view h3{font:700 22px "Libre Baskerville",Georgia,serif;color:var(--navy2);margin:0 0 11px}.view p{margin:0;color:#586672}.research-tip{margin-top:18px;padding:19px 21px;border-radius:18px;background:#fff8e9;border:1px solid #ead4a8;color:#55482e}.iraq-box{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.15fr .85fr;gap:24px;align-items:center}.iraq-copy p{color:#d1dce5;font-size:16px}.iraq-badge{padding:28px;border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.18);border-radius:22px;background:rgba(255,255,255,.07)}.iraq-badge .flag{font-size:38px}.iraq-badge strong{display:block;font:700 24px/1.25 "Libre Baskerville",Georgia,serif;margin:12px 0}.iraq-badge a{color:var(--gold2);font-weight:900;font-size:13px;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px}
.terms-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr));gap:14px}.term{padding:21px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:18px;background:#fff}.term h3{font:700 19px/1.25 "Libre Baskerville",Georgia,serif;color:var(--navy2);margin:0 0 8px}.term p{margin:0;color:var(--muted);font-size:14px}.flash-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:14px}.flash{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:18px;background:#fff;overflow:hidden}.flash summary{cursor:pointer;list-style:none;padding:20px 48px 20px 20px;position:relative;font-weight:900;color:var(--navy2)}[dir=rtl] .flash summary{padding:20px 20px 20px 48px}.flash summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.flash summary:after{content:"+";position:absolute;inset-inline-end:20px;top:16px;font-size:25px;color:var(--gold)}.flash[open] summary:after{content:"–"}.flash .answer{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:18px 20px;color:#566572;background:#fbfcfd}.sources{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:14px}.source{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:7px;padding:22px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:18px;background:#fff}.source strong{color:var(--navy2)}.source span{font-size:14px;color:var(--muted)}.source a{margin-top:auto;color:var(--navy);font-size:13px;font-weight:900}.next{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:26px;border-radius:24px;background:var(--navy2);color:#fff;padding:30px}.next h2{font:700 29px "Libre Baskerville",Georgia,serif;margin:0 0 6px}.next p{margin:0;color:#ced9e2}.next-links{display:grid;gap:7px;text-align:end}.next-links a{color:var(--gold2);font-weight:900;font-size:13px}.footer{padding:32px 0;background:#021523;color:#d3dee6}.footer .container{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;align-items:center;font-size:12px}.footer strong{font-family:"Libre Baskerville",Georgia,serif;color:#fff}
@media(max-width:900px){.navlinks{display:none}.hero-grid,.answer-box,.explorer,.iraq-box{grid-template-columns:1fr}.hero-art{max-width:620px}.mini-grid,.terms-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.explorer{gap:12px}.country-tabs{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.split,.perspective{grid-template-columns:1fr}.next{align-items:flex-start;flex-direction:column}.next-links{text-align:start}}@media(max-width:620px){.container{width:min(100% - 28px,var(--max))}.topbar .container{align-items:flex-start;flex-direction:column;padding:8px 0}.nav{min-height:68px}.brand strong{font-size:13px}.brand span{font-size:9px}.hero{padding:50px 0 44px}.hero h1{font-size:2.55rem}.hero-copy>p{font-size:16px}.section{padding:52px 0}.mini-grid,.terms-grid,.flash-grid,.sources,.country-tabs{grid-template-columns:1fr}.event{grid-template-columns:100px 18px 1fr;gap:10px}.event time{font-size:11px}.footer .container{align-items:flex-start;flex-direction:column}}

/* v3: enriched editorial cartoons */
.hero-art img{aspect-ratio:16/9;object-fit:cover}
.section-art{margin:26px 0 0;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:24px;overflow:hidden;background:#fff;box-shadow:0 18px 46px rgba(3,27,51,.08)}
.section-art img{width:100%;aspect-ratio:2.56/1;object-fit:cover}
.section-art figcaption{padding:10px 14px;color:var(--muted);font-size:11px}
.iraq-badge .iraq-cartoon{width:100%;max-width:260px;aspect-ratio:1/1;object-fit:cover;border-radius:18px;margin:0 auto 16px;border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.16)}
.mini-visual-row{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:16px;margin-top:24px}
.mini-visual-row figure{margin:0;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:18px;overflow:hidden;background:#fff}
.mini-visual-row img{width:100%;height:190px;object-fit:cover}
.mini-visual-row figcaption{padding:9px 12px;color:var(--muted);font-size:11px}
@media(max-width:620px){.section-art img{aspect-ratio:16/8}.mini-visual-row{grid-template-columns:1fr}.mini-visual-row img{height:auto;aspect-ratio:16/9}}


/* v4: Learning Center publisher identity */
.guide-brand-stamp{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:13px;width:fit-content;max-width:100%;margin:0 0 18px;padding:8px 14px 8px 8px;border:1px solid rgba(231,201,141,.65);border-radius:18px;background:rgba(255,255,255,.1);backdrop-filter:blur(8px);box-shadow:0 12px 28px rgba(0,0,0,.12)}.guide-brand-stamp img{width:58px;height:58px;flex:0 0 58px}.guide-brand-stamp div{display:grid;line-height:1.18}.guide-brand-stamp span{font-size:9px;font-weight:900;letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#e7c98d}.guide-brand-stamp strong{margin:3px 0 2px;font:700 12px/1.25 "Libre Baskerville",Georgia,serif;color:#fff}.guide-brand-stamp small{font-size:9.5px;color:#d9e4ec}
.footer{padding:24px 0;background:#021523;color:#d3dee6;border-top:1px solid rgba(201,154,72,.28)}.footer .learning-footer-brand{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:24px;align-items:center}.footer-brand-lockup{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;min-width:0}.footer-brand-lockup img{width:52px;height:52px;flex:0 0 52px}.footer-brand-lockup div{display:grid;line-height:1.18}.footer-brand-lockup span{font-size:9px;font-weight:900;letter-spacing:.15em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#e7c98d}.footer-brand-lockup strong{margin-top:4px;font:700 13px/1.3 "Libre Baskerville",Georgia,serif;color:#fff}.footer-disclaimer{max-width:520px;text-align:end;font-size:10.5px;color:#aebdca}
html[dir="rtl"] .guide-brand-stamp span,html[dir="rtl"] .footer-brand-lockup span{letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none}html[dir="rtl"] .footer-disclaimer{text-align:start}
@media(max-width:900px){.footer .learning-footer-brand{align-items:flex-start;flex-direction:column}.footer-disclaimer{text-align:start;max-width:none}}
@media(max-width:620px){.guide-brand-stamp{padding:7px 10px 7px 7px;gap:10px}.guide-brand-stamp img{width:50px;height:50px;flex-basis:50px}.guide-brand-stamp strong{font-size:10.5px}.footer-brand-lockup strong{font-size:12px}}


/* Deep-dive enrichment v5 */
.deep-guide-chip{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-top:16px;padding:12px 14px;border-radius:16px;background:rgba(255,255,255,.12);border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.22)}.deep-guide-chip img{width:58px;height:58px;border-radius:50%;object-fit:cover;flex:0 0 auto}.deep-guide-chip strong,.deep-guide-chip span{display:block}.deep-guide-chip span{margin-top:3px;opacity:.9;line-height:1.4}
.now-you-know{margin-top:28px;padding:20px;border-radius:20px;background:linear-gradient(135deg,#eef7ff,#fff9eb);border:1px solid rgba(3,27,51,.1);color:#0a2d4b}.now-you-know h3{margin:0 0 14px}.now-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:12px}.now-card{padding:15px;border-radius:15px;background:rgba(255,255,255,.86)}.now-card b{display:block;margin-bottom:5px;color:#9a6c16}.now-card p{margin:0;line-height:1.5;color:#304c65}@media(max-width:700px){.now-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}}


/* === Main-site language switcher parity === */
.topbar{text-transform:none}
.topbar .topbar-inner{min-height:48px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:16px}
.topbar-status{min-width:0}
.langs{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:7px!important;padding:4px;border:1px solid rgba(231,201,141,.48);border-radius:999px;background:rgba(255,255,255,.055);box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(255,255,255,.025);white-space:nowrap;direction:ltr}
.langs-label{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;padding:0 7px 0 8px;color:#f1dfb7;font-size:9px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.09em;text-transform:uppercase}
.langs-label svg{width:14px;height:14px;flex:0 0 auto;stroke:currentColor}
.lang-tabs{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:3px;direction:ltr}
.langs a,.langs a:first-child{min-height:31px;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;padding:0 12px!important;border:1px solid transparent!important;border-radius:999px;line-height:1!important;opacity:1;color:#f4f7fa;font-size:11px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.01em;transition:background .18s ease,color .18s ease,border-color .18s ease,transform .18s ease}
.langs a:hover{color:#fff;border-color:rgba(231,201,141,.52)!important;background:rgba(255,255,255,.075);transform:translateY(-1px)}
.langs a.active-lang,.langs a[aria-current="page"]{color:#061b2b!important;background:#efd8a8;border-color:#efd8a8!important;box-shadow:0 2px 10px rgba(0,0,0,.16)}
.langs a:focus-visible{outline:2px solid #fff;outline-offset:2px}
html[dir="rtl"] .langs-label{padding:0 8px 0 7px}
@media(max-width:760px){
  .topbar .topbar-inner{min-height:58px;justify-content:center;padding:7px 0}
  .topbar-status{display:none}
  .langs{width:100%;justify-content:space-between;gap:5px!important;padding:5px}
  .langs-label{flex:0 0 auto;padding-inline:7px 5px}
  .lang-tabs{flex:1 1 auto;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:3px}
  .langs a,.langs a:first-child{width:100%;min-height:34px;padding:0 8px!important;font-size:11px}
}
@media(max-width:390px){
  .langs-label{font-size:8px;letter-spacing:.05em;padding-inline:5px 3px}
  .langs-label svg{width:13px;height:13px}
  .langs a,.langs a:first-child{font-size:10px;padding:0 5px!important}
}